1. Thinking systemically: perceiving existing patterns and constructing alternatives to them
2. Thinking simulationally: conducting “what if?” thought experiments and mental rehearsals using controlled imagination and projections
3. Thriving in the midst of changes, challenges, and unknowns: developing perspectives, knowledge, and choices to cope with and leverage complexity and uncertainty
4. Creating and manipulating alternative pasts, presents, and futures: creating and managing virtual time; developing flexible definitions of social and personal time; selectively associating alternative pasts and futures with multiple presents
5. Developing and responding to goals and challenges: setting goals and objectives; detecting and anticipating impediments to success; designing solutions to impediments