The development of daily public prayer is vastly complicated. As we have seen, the New Testament makes reference to Chris tiaras praying constantly (Acts 1:14) but gives few details on corporate services. Our first references are to hours for prayer but they seem to be largely telling individual Christians when to pray. Clement of Alexandria, ca. 200, acknowledges that “some assign definite hours for prayer” yet argues that the true Christian “prays throughout his whole life.” He also speaks of prayer in bodily terms “we raise the head and lift the hands to heaven,” a posture reflected in early Christian art. Tertullian prefers a regular discipline of prayer thrice during the day (on the basis of accounts of the apostles having prayed at the third, sixth, and ninth hours) plus prayer at daybreak and nightfall