We define the flipped classroom as an educational technique that consists of two parts: interactive
group learning activities inside the classroom, and direct computer-based individual instruction
outside the classroom. A graphic representation of this definition is shown in Figure 1. We restrict
this definition to exclude designs that do not employ videos as an outside of the classroom
activity. While a broad conception of the flipped classroom may be useful, definitions that become
too broad suggest that assigning reading outside of class and having discussions in class
constitutes the flipped classroom. We reject these definitions2.