Under this research framework, all related factors
for this study are classified into three types,
namely, independent variables, dependent variable,
and disturbance variables. “Learning motivation”
and “learning attitude” are set up as independent
variables, and “learning effectiveness”
as dependent variable, and three different
teaching methods as disturbance variable. Likert’s
seven-point scale (Likert Scale) is adopted
for measuring the performance results.
For this study, a questionnaire is designed
that includes the evaluation of four target dimensions,
namely, learning motivation dimension,
learning attitude dimension, learning effectiveness
dimension, and demographic data variables.
For the learning motivation dimension, this
study has modified some part of the motivation
scale original developed by Huang (1985) “Motivation
Scale for Adults Participation in Continuing
Education,” with 15 questions used for