There is a pervasive lack of data relating to virtually all aspects of water quality and wastewater management
(particularly in developing countries). UNEP
(2010) summarizes the resulting issues as follows: “A key
to understanding water quality challenges and solutions
is collecting, storing, analysing and sharing water quality
data. Without adequate data, serious water quality challenges are unlikely to be identified and managed
adequately to protect human and ecosystem health. Conversely, by
monitoring water quality and collecting and sharing water
quality data, it is possible to determine if water quality in
lakes, reservoirs, rivers and groundwater is improving or deteriorating and to identify growing problems and potential
solutions that require prompt action. Despite the importance of good data, there are currently large gaps in monitoring efforts and data related to water quality, especially at the global scale.”