perceived by employees, are presented in Table 2. The mean scores for the four measures of expectancy ranged from 5.56 to 5.75, based on the 7-point Likert scale. Other mean scores were also reported: extrinsic instrumentality, from 4.29 to 4.85; intrinsic instrumentality, from 5.24 to 6.01; extrinsic valence, from 5.75 to 6.00; intrinsic valence, from 5.67 to 6.20; work motivation, from 6.14 to 6.21. When respondents evaluated five components of modified expectancy theory, intrinsic valence had the highest scores. Respondents indicated that they would improve their performance if they were highly motivated.