The concept of a crisis portfolio encourages organization to go beyond tunnel vision, or beyond fighting the last war (preparing for the last set of known crisis in their industry). Foe example, no one has to tell the chemical industry to prepare for another Bhopal. Likewise, no one needs to tell the nuclear industry to prepare for another Chernobyl. But all organizations need to realize that potentially they're subject to every family of crisis in Figure 1. Instead of taking each crisis literally, they ought to ask themselves questions like this: How could a Bhopal happen to us? What kind of a Bhopal could we be responsible for causing? Instead of taking product tampering literally-as something that will happen only to a company very like Johnson & Johnson-an organization ought to ask what form of product tampering it is subject to. Recently, someone got into an Encyclopedia Britannica computer and entered phony information that wound up in the encyclopedias. That's product tampering, too.