The fining zone, exists of a shallow fining bank
heated with fossil fuel - preheated air burners. The hot
gases from this zone flow into the space above the melting-
in zone, with a deeper glass melt tank that is
equipped with electrodes. The raw materials batch
extracts heat from these combustion gases before these
gases enter the recuperator at reduced temperatures.
These LoNOx® melters show similar energy efficiencies,
as energy benchmark studies (TNO studies on
benchmarking energy efficiency of glass furnaces [22])
show, compared to end-port fired regenerative furnace,
but also very low NOx emissions due to the relatively
low air preheat temperatures.