With the development of economy, energy consumption is growing and efficient heat transfer technologies become more and more important to energy conservation and emission reduction [1e6]. In recent decades, a variety of efficient heat transfer technologies were developed on the basis of experimental researches [7e12]. Most of the work concentrated on the effects of the structure of the heat transfer units to the convective heat transfer and their comprehensive performance evaluation, and lacked general principles to guide the design of heat transfer enhancement units. For instance, an enhancement unit can be designed according to experiences first, and then theory of heat transfer enhancement is applied to explain the reason. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop optimization theory to indicate the development direction
of efficient heat transfer technologies.
With the development of economy, energy consumption is growing and efficient heat transfer technologies become more and more important to energy conservation and emission reduction [1e6]. In recent decades, a variety of efficient heat transfer technologies were developed on the basis of experimental researches [7e12]. Most of the work concentrated on the effects of the structure of the heat transfer units to the convective heat transfer and their comprehensive performance evaluation, and lacked general principles to guide the design of heat transfer enhancement units. For instance, an enhancement unit can be designed according to experiences first, and then theory of heat transfer enhancement is applied to explain the reason. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop optimization theory to indicate the development directionof efficient heat transfer technologies.
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