he first half of the twentieth century was the age of world wars; the
second half was the age of the Cold War. The twenty-first century is
beginning as the age of civil and communal wars. One hundred ten
major wars occurred during the 1990s. All but seven of these wars were
civil wars within states, and seventy percent of these civil wars were
communal wars between ethnic and religious groups. Many of these
wars involved Muslims, who fight each other and fight non-Muslims
far more often than do peoples of other civilizations.