The findings in this study suggest that students at Grade 5 level can develop a
sophisticated understanding of the phases of the Moon and eclipses and that
instruction does not necessarily need to directly address students' alternative
frameworks to promote conceptual change. However these findings need to be
tempered somewhat. For instance, the post-interviews occurred immediately at the
conclusion of the course whereas a delayed interview of perhaps 6 months to a
year would yield more conclusive evidence that students' conceptual understanding
did indeed change. In addition, the class size was small, and the students were
taking the course by their own choice. Therefore our instructional techniques will
need to be used with a larger group of students and within a more traditional
science classroom if we are to make any generalizeable claims concerning student
learning. (Barnett and Moran, p. 875)