Transaction-cost barriers to licensing copyrighted content exacerbate this problem. Each time an individual wants to make use of content, she must (1) identify all of the potentially protected works embodied in the content, n9 (2) identify the protected or unprotected status of those works with respect to the intended use, n10 (3) identify the relevant copyright owners, and (4) negotiate a license or determine that the expected/potential liability is sufficiently low to permit unlicensed use. The homogeneous nature of the copyright system reinforces this problem. While the copyright system uses a one-size-fitsall approach to incentivize content creation, many creators would be sufficiently incentivized by a system that freely permitted some types of uses, or use by some types of users. Consequently, most uses of protected works -- even uses to which virtually any author would consent -- must be cleared through this high-transaction-cost process