The results of the study are consistent with the above predictions. First, shareholding by active institutional
investors of up to 30 per cent improves the value of the firm. Holdings beyond 30 per cent reduce the value of
the firm confirming a significant non-linear relation with corporate value. second, shareholdings by insiders of up
to 30 per cent increase firm value. After that point the value of the firm decreases. This non-linear relation is
consistent with results reported in prior research. Additionally, consistent with the prediction, no evidence is
found to support that the shareholdings by transient institutional investors have a non-linear relation with firm
value.