The other issues of underinflation involve tire disablements and reduced tread life. Although underinflation was easy to detect by the naked eye for bias type tires, it is nearly impossible to visually detect without measuring for the radial tires used on presentday vehicles. The American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) standard F1112 (ref. 10) is currently used in the industry to measure the static inflation pressure loss rate (IPLR) of tubeless pneumatic tires.