Classic model of the pathogenesis of the oncogenic fusion protein resulting from the t(15;17) chromosomal translocation of the promyelocytic leukemia (PML) and retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARα) genes. PML-RARA homodimers bind and repress RARA targets via recruitment of co-repressors leading to differentiation block and acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) restores transcription activation of RARA targets and normal cellular differentiation. HAT, histone acetyltransferase; HDAC, histone deacetylase. Created with BioRender.com.