The principles of programmed learning can act as a framework, not only for evaluating and improving traditional methods of teaching, but also for helping in the selection of appropriate audio-visual aids. If one were to compare education with travelling, then programmed learning would be concerned with destinations and routes, while audio-visual aids would provide the means of transport. A fuller account of the relation- ship between programmed learning and audio-visual aids at the univer sity level is given in the Brynmor Jones report Audio-Visual Aids in