For each CCM strain, 500 lL of a cell suspension was
added to 50 mL of LB broth and incubated at 30 C for
12 h with shaking. Plasmids were extracted using the
alkaline lysis method (Sambrook et al. 1989) and electrophoretically
separated in a 0.7 % agarose gel in Tris-acetate–
EDTA (TAE) buffer at 50 V/cm for 2 h. The DNA
bands were stained with ethidium bromide and visualized
under UV illumination