From logistic regression analysis, the tapping levels and tapping postures including high
frequencies of twisting, bending, and extension of trunk were significantly associated with low back pain.
Other independent risk factors included a high frequency of weight lifting, high perceived fatigue from
work, and lower levels of social support, education and income. Rubber tapping is regarded as an
occupational risk for musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). An abnormal ergonomic factor in rubber tapping
increases the risk of low back pain among rubber tappers. Preventive measures should be developed to
minimize this problem in the future