There is a strong case for arguing that the application of relational thinking to solve number sentences embodies
features of mathematical thinking that are centrally important to algebra. This study investigates how well students
in Years 5, 6 and 7 in three countries were able to use relational thinking to solve different types of number
sentences. Were there other students who appeared to rely solely on computational method to solve the same
number sentences? The study then examined whether those who had shown clear evidence of relational strategies
to solve the number sentences were better placed to solve symbolic sentences.
Keywords: algebra, relational thinking, number and symbolic sentences.