This is consistent with the fact that the definition and implementation of landfill policy effectively happened at subprovincial (even municipal) levels; as a result, the recent waste policy decentralisation process has been characterised by fragmented actions. In light of this fragmentation, we note that although North-South waste performances show some signs of convergence, greater co-ordination aimed at complete
convergence in waste performance, in a decentralised policy scenario, will be
needed for the effective achievement of EU national based targets by a federal
country.