In a quantitative study researchers discuss the literature extensively at the beginning of the study. This serves two major for the purpose of the study. Investigators locate a theory in the literature, examine the predicted relationship among variables in the theory and then test the relationships with new participants or at new sites. In many quantitative studies, the authors include the literature in separate section titled Review of the Literature to highlight the important role it plays. This literature directs the study’s design by identifying theories to be tested and determining the major variables. Authors also incorporate the literature into the end of the study comparing the results with prior predictions or expectations made at the beginning.