A total of 116 women (79.5%) and 30 men (20.5%), with a mean age SD of 58.44.9 years and a mean body mass index SD of
25.53.6, were included in the study. Overall, small 3-year changes in muscle strength and activity limitations were observed. At the group level,
the average muscle strength increased by 10% (1.00.3 to 1.10.3Nm/kg) over the 3 years. The 3-year decrease in muscle strength was
independently associated with an increase in performance-based activity limitations on all 3 measures (BZ1.12, BZ5.83, and BZ1.25,
respectively). Proprioception and laxity did not moderate this association.