Interesterification Rearrangement of triglycerides to a more random distribution.
Hydrolysis or Esterification Splitting triglycerides, producing fatty acids or esters with glycerin as a by product.
Urea Complexing By dissolving the fatty acids or esters in ethanol or methanol, adding urea and reducing the temperature, it is possible to precipitate a urea complex which traps the saturates and monounsaturates resulting in a concentration of the polyunsaturates. Depending on the starting oil, the losses can be quite high.
Molecular Distillation This step can be used to remove free cholesterol or further concentrate the esters or fatty acids.
Supercritical Fluid
Extraction (SCF) Purification of esters or fatty acids to produce 85%+ pure compounds and to remove cholesterol.
Preparative High-Performance LiquidChromatography(HPLC) Purification of esters or fatty acids to produce 95%+ pure compounds.
Re-esterification Conversion of concentrated fatty acids or ethyl esters back to the triglyceride form which is considered more natural.