Ad hoc networking enables wireless devices to network with one another, when access to the
Internet is unavailable. It enables a wide range of powerful applications, from instant conferencing between
notebook PC users to emergency and military services. Wireless communication should be possible without
routers, base stations or Internet Service Providers. An ad-hoc network might consist of several homecomputing
devices, as well as a notebook computer that must exist on home and office networks without extra
administrative work. Key applications of ad-hoc networking are conferencing, home networking, emergency
services, Personal Area Networks, Bluetooth, and more.A wireless ad hoc network consists of mobile nodes
that are powered by batteries. The routers are free to move randomly and organize themselves arbitrarily
making the network's wireless topology change rapidly and unpredictably. Such a network may operate in a
standalone fashion, or may be connected to the larger Internet.