4. Conclusions
The base temperature for cuphea seed germination likely
varies between 6 and 10 ◦C similar to many warm-season
crops. The maximum temperature for seed germination was
estimated between 33 and 38 ◦C, and the optimum temperature
for cuphea seed germination ranged from 18 to 24 ◦C
with amean value of 21 ◦C. Germination rate decreased rapidly
below18 ◦C, which could be a concern for seedling exposure to