*Plus–minus values are means ±SD. Because of rounding,
not all percentages total 100.
†Hypertension was defined as an average systolic blood
pressure of 140 to 159 mm Hg or an average diastolic blood
pressure of 90 to 95 mm Hg during the three screening visits.
‡Base-line blood pressure was the average of three screening
measurements and two measurements during the run-in
period.
§The body-mass index is the weight in kilograms divided
by the square of the height in meters.
¶Base-line urinary sodium was determined from a 24-hour
urine collection during the screening period, when the participants
were eating their customary, self-selected diets. Data
were missing for four participants in the DASH-diet group.