2. Methods
2.1. Biomass acquisition and pretreatment
2.1.1. Plant harvest
Duckweed (Lemna minor) plants were collected from a pond
located at the John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK (52.622295N,
1.221894 E), then rinsed in tap water followed by distilled water.
The cleaned fresh wet biomass was packed with aluminium foil
in long flat-thin packages (1 kg each). The packed samples were
stored at 4 C for up to one week before steam explosion. The compositions
of fresh and steam exploded L. minor have been published
previously by Zhao et al. (2014).