They are therefore dicult to
extract from water for gas chromatographic (GC)
analyses and have required tedious and specialised
procedures like closed-loop stripping.Yamada and
Somiya (1989) were the ®rst to use o-(2,3,4,5,6-
penta¯uorobenzyl)-hydroxylamine hydrochloride
(PFBHA) derivatisation for analysing low molecu-
lar weight aldehydes from ozonated water