Along these lines, Chng and Geliga-Vargas (2000)argued that API MSM who strongly identify with the ethnic community (unassimilated into the dominant mainstream community) may isolate themselves fromthe gay community and gay-identified social networks that would expose themto safe-sex messages as well as to a community where there are opportunities to learn about consistent condom use. Taken together, their findings lend support to Goldbaumet al. (1998), who asserted that non-gay-identified MSM may lack the social support found in the gay community to practice riskreduction strategies.