Microstrip antennas are also referred to as patch antennas
because of the radiating elements (patches) photoetched on
the dielectric substrate [3]. This radiating patch may be
square, rectangular, circular, elliptical, triangular, and any
other configuration. In this work, rectangular microstripantennas are taking under consideration. The patch
dimensions of rectangular microstrip antennas are usually
designed so its pattern maximum is normal to the patch.
Because of their narrow bandwidths and effectively
operation in the vicinity of resonant frequency, the choice of
the patch dimensions giving the specified resonant frequency
is very important [2]. The rectangular microstrip antennas
are made of a rectangular patch with dimensions width, W,
and length, L, over a ground plane with a substrate thickness
h and dielectric constants r
ε . Dielectric constants are
generally used in the range 2.2 ≤ r
ε ≤ 12. but, the most
desirable are the dielectric constants at the lower end of this
range together with the thick substrates, because they give
better efficiency and larger bandwidth. For an effective
radiator, a practical width that leads to good radiation
efficiencies is given