The ECCE effect on all three tests was higher for boys than
for girls (see Table 6). The similarities and differences between
ECCE participants and non-participants by gender are similar to
the ones described earlier for the whole sample (see Table 2).
When estimating the effect of ECCE among boys (N = 42,895) for the
matched sample, we found that boys who attended ECCE scored
an average of 11.5 points (0.2 SD) in math, 6.3 points (0.11 SD)
in reading, and 7.5 points (0.11 SD) in social sciences, higher than
those who did not attend any ECCE program. In the case of girls
(N = 43,633), those who attended ECCE scored an average of 4.9
points (0.08 SD) in math, 4.4 points (0.08 SD) in reading, and 3.9