high-compression temperatures to allow auto-ignition) as
well as the overall lean combustion ð G 1Þ with which a
diesel engine is operated, leading to better thermodynamic
properties of the working mixture. Automotive diesel
engines are now almost exclusively equipped with a turbocharging
system. This consists of a turbine wheel in the
exhaust manifold, which is powered by the energy still
contained in the exhaust gases, itself driving a compressor
wheel in the intake. Thus, the intake air is compressed
leading to a higher specific power output of the engine as
more fuel can then be injected per cycle.