The actual packing density of the granular skeleton depends on the method of
depositing the grains and the treatment after depositing (Table 4.1). The higher the
applied level of energy transferred to the grains the higher the actual packing density
becomes with the residual packing density as the upper limit. The effect of the packing
method is taken into account for the CPM by the compaction index K (Equation 4.6). K
needs to be experimentally determined for the deposition method under consideration.