The adsorption experiments were performed at room temperature. The concentrations of toluene and benzene were measured using the flame ionization detector of a gas chromatograph (GC; 2010 Plus, Shimadzu, Japan). A six-way valve was installed in the gas chromatograph to analyze the concentrations of the VOC gases. An Rtx-5 column was used, and the samples were injected into the GC every 10 min during the adsorption of toluene and/or benzene to obtain the breakthrough curves. The breakthrough profile was measured by monitoring the outlet concentration as a function of time. When the outlet VOC concentration was measured for the first time, the breakthrough time was determined. The performance parameters were calculated as following. During adsorption, the amount of VOCs adsorbed by the activated carbon was determined using Eq. (1).