The association between hospitalization and residential distance from the IP was examined for three age groups (0–1, 2–6, 7–14) by logistic regressions adjusting for gender, socioeconomic status, urbanity and temperature. We found that infants in the first year of life who lived within 10 km of the IP had increased risk of respiratory hospitalization when compared with those living >20 km from the IP (adjusted odds ratio, OR = 2.07, 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.19–3.59).