Theword placebo is Latin for ‘I shall please’. Placebo refers to
‘‘any treatment —including drugs, surgery, psychotherapy and
quack therapy— used for its ameliorative effect on a symptomor
disease but that is actually ineffective or not specifically effective
for the condition being treated’’ (Shapiro and Shapiro, 1997).
The psychophysiological responses elicited by placebos seem to
reflect a mind/body interaction that is guided by subjective
factors, such as expectations, beliefs, meaning, hope for
improvement, and relational parameters (Shapiro and Shapiro,
1997). The placebo effect can be very specific and this specificity
depends on the information available to the recipient. For
instance, a placebo will have the opposite effect on heart rhythm
and blood pressure when it is given as an inhibitor than when it is
administered as a stimulant. Such specificity clearly demonstrates
that the placebo effect is related to the patient’s beliefs and
expectations.
Theword placebo is Latin for ‘I shall please’. Placebo refers to‘‘any treatment —including drugs, surgery, psychotherapy andquack therapy— used for its ameliorative effect on a symptomordisease but that is actually ineffective or not specifically effectivefor the condition being treated’’ (Shapiro and Shapiro, 1997).The psychophysiological responses elicited by placebos seem toreflect a mind/body interaction that is guided by subjectivefactors, such as expectations, beliefs, meaning, hope forimprovement, and relational parameters (Shapiro and Shapiro,1997). The placebo effect can be very specific and this specificitydepends on the information available to the recipient. Forinstance, a placebo will have the opposite effect on heart rhythmand blood pressure when it is given as an inhibitor than when it isadministered as a stimulant. Such specificity clearly demonstratesthat the placebo effect is related to the patient’s beliefs andexpectations.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
