3. Material and methods
3.1. General interviews
In 2009, 11 villages were visited on the coast of Paraty in addition to six neighborhoods in the town itself (grouped as
‘‘town’’). After arriving in a village, the first few fishers met by the researchers were asked for an estimate of the number of fishers older than 18, which was a necessary step due to the large number of unregistered fishers. During the day(s) spent in each village, this number was reconfirmed with different people. Because these villages are generally small, there was an attempt to interview all of the resident fishers (except those who refused to take part or were not found), or in villages with more than 50 families, fishers from every other house were interviewed, result- ing in a total of 206 fishers interviewed.
A questionnaire containing open-ended and semi-structured questions was used, which addressed the main gear used, target species, and main fishing spots, in addition to some socioeco- nomic information.
To determine whether there is any gradient from south to north in relation to the main target species cited and gear used, an agglomerative hierarchical clustering with average linkage was performed, using the frequency of citation for the species that represented a minimum of 5% of the citations in at least one village. This break point was artificially established as a way to avoid multiple species that were cited by only one person. The Euclidian distance with previous standardization was used.
The main goal of this first phase was to identify whether all of the considered coast should be subjected to the same manage- ment methods, as it is currently the case, based on general information about gear and target species.
3. Material and methods3.1. General interviewsIn 2009, 11 villages were visited on the coast of Paraty in addition to six neighborhoods in the town itself (grouped as‘‘town’’). After arriving in a village, the first few fishers met by the researchers were asked for an estimate of the number of fishers older than 18, which was a necessary step due to the large number of unregistered fishers. During the day(s) spent in each village, this number was reconfirmed with different people. Because these villages are generally small, there was an attempt to interview all of the resident fishers (except those who refused to take part or were not found), or in villages with more than 50 families, fishers from every other house were interviewed, result- ing in a total of 206 fishers interviewed.A questionnaire containing open-ended and semi-structured questions was used, which addressed the main gear used, target species, and main fishing spots, in addition to some socioeco- nomic information.To determine whether there is any gradient from south to north in relation to the main target species cited and gear used, an agglomerative hierarchical clustering with average linkage was performed, using the frequency of citation for the species that represented a minimum of 5% of the citations in at least one village. This break point was artificially established as a way to avoid multiple species that were cited by only one person. The Euclidian distance with previous standardization was used.The main goal of this first phase was to identify whether all of the considered coast should be subjected to the same manage- ment methods, as it is currently the case, based on general information about gear and target species.
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