M Definition in Healthcare
In healthcare services there are three definitions distinguished TQM from other approaches:
One is that TQM is a “Comprehensive strategy of organizational and attitude change for enabling personnel to learn and use quality methods, in order to reduce costs and meet the requirements of patients and other customers. (Ovretveit, 2000) A second definition by Donabedian refers to quality as “the maximization of patient’s satisfaction considering all profits and losses to be faced in a healthcare procedure” (Donabedian, 1989). A third definition given by US theories (William & Johnson, 2013) emphasized that TQM is a management method: “TQM/CQI – Continuous Quality Improvement – is simultaneously two things: a management philosophy and a management method”.