however, the conformational change of the side chain of Asp16 cannot be neglected. Previously, a study performed by Hardman and Ainsworth [39] showed that the hydrophobic sugar derivative o-iodophenyl β-D-glucopyranoside also binds to the ConA CRD, but the authors argued that this interaction was due to the glycan element. Thus, based on these studies and on the specificity of CRD for carbohydrates, the presence of free indole in this site is an unusual phenomenon.