i.e. 75 _C which exceeded the pasting temperature
and approached the peak temperature of TS. The values
of swelling power of TS were approximately twice of those of RF,
and high values of granule solubility were observed in TS. The
higher the swelling power, the lower granule rigidity of the starch
(Tsai et al., 1997). Moreover, the higher solubility, i.e. the more soluble
and leachable polymeric molecules from starch granule when
heated at high temperature, the weaker the granule (Tsai et al.,
1997). Therefore, at temperature range of 75–95 _C, TS granules
may have low granule rigidity than RF granules. Moreover, granule
rigidity of RF tended to decrease with an increase of temperature