6. Adsorption Kinetics
The chemical kinetic describes reaction pathways with time to reach the equilibrium whereas chemical equilibrium gives no information about pathways and reaction rates. In order to investigate the mechanism of adsorption, various kinetic models have been suggested. In this study, some of these models were investigated to find the best fitted model for the experimental data obtained. Adsorption kinetic data of MB are analyzed using the Lagergren pseudo-first-order rate equation [30]:
where q (mg g ) refers to the amount of dye adsorbed t at time t (min), and k is the rate constant. The rate ad constant k could be calculated from the slopes of the ad linear plots of log(q - q) verses t.
The second order kinetic model [31] can be represented as:
where k is the rate constant of second order adsorption. 2 Values of k and q were calculated from the plots of t/q 2 e vs t. Table 2 showed that the corresponding correlation 2 coefficient (R) values for the pseudo-second-order kinetic model were greater than those of pseudo-firstorder kinetic model indicating the applicability of the pseudo-second-order kinetic model to describe the adsorption.
7. Intra-particle Diffusion
If the intra-particle diffusion is involved in the adsorption processes, then the plot of the square root of time versus the uptake (q) would result in a linear t relationship and the intra-particle diffusion would be controlling step if this line passed through the origin. When the plots do not pass through the origin, this indicative of some degree of boundary layer control and this further shows that the intra-particle diffusion is not the only rate controlling step, but also other processes may control the rate of adsorption [32]. As shown in the Fig. 5, the slope of the first linear portion characterizes the rate parameter corresponding to the intra-particle diffusion, whereas the intercept of this portion is proportional to the boundary layer thickness. 2 The R value for this diffusion model was 0.9899 for APR and 0.953 for RPR. This indicates that the adsorption of MB onto APR and RPR can be followed by intra-particle diffusion model. However, the lines do not pass through the origin, indicating that intraparticle diffusion is not the only rate limiting mechanism and that some other mechanisms also play an important role. Surface adsorption and interaparticle diffusion were likely to take place simultaneously; both processes control the kinetics of dye-adsorbent interaction [33].
6. Adsorption Kinetics The chemical kinetic describes reaction pathways with time to reach the equilibrium whereas chemical equilibrium gives no information about pathways and reaction rates. In order to investigate the mechanism of adsorption, various kinetic models have been suggested. In this study, some of these models were investigated to find the best fitted model for the experimental data obtained. Adsorption kinetic data of MB are analyzed using the Lagergren pseudo-first-order rate equation [30]: where q (mg g ) refers to the amount of dye adsorbed t at time t (min), and k is the rate constant. The rate ad constant k could be calculated from the slopes of the ad linear plots of log(q - q) verses t. The second order kinetic model [31] can be represented as: where k is the rate constant of second order adsorption. 2 Values of k and q were calculated from the plots of t/q 2 e vs t. Table 2 showed that the corresponding correlation 2 coefficient (R) values for the pseudo-second-order kinetic model were greater than those of pseudo-firstorder kinetic model indicating the applicability of the pseudo-second-order kinetic model to describe the adsorption. 7. Intra-particle Diffusion If the intra-particle diffusion is involved in the adsorption processes, then the plot of the square root of time versus the uptake (q) would result in a linear t relationship and the intra-particle diffusion would be controlling step if this line passed through the origin. When the plots do not pass through the origin, this indicative of some degree of boundary layer control and this further shows that the intra-particle diffusion is not the only rate controlling step, but also other processes may control the rate of adsorption [32]. As shown in the Fig. 5, the slope of the first linear portion characterizes the rate parameter corresponding to the intra-particle diffusion, whereas the intercept of this portion is proportional to the boundary layer thickness. 2 The R value for this diffusion model was 0.9899 for APR and 0.953 for RPR. This indicates that the adsorption of MB onto APR and RPR can be followed by intra-particle diffusion model. However, the lines do not pass through the origin, indicating that intraparticle diffusion is not the only rate limiting mechanism and that some other mechanisms also play an important role. Surface adsorption and interaparticle diffusion were likely to take place simultaneously; both processes control the kinetics of dye-adsorbent interaction [33].
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