Another useful contribution of our study is that it has compared
the three main types of IS interoperability standards as to their
effects on the above four business performance dimensions; this
revealed significant differences among them. In particular, the
adoption of industry-specific IS interoperability standards has
much higher impacts on the above business performance
dimensions than the adoption of XML-based or proprietary
standards; this is due to a combination of useful characteristics
that the industrial standards possess: they have on one hand
exactly the whole needed ‘‘depth and breadth’’ for the particular
418 E.N. Loukis, Y.K. Charalabidis / Computers in Industry 64 (2013) 412–420
industry, and on the other hand high level of applicability, which
result in higher levels of business value generation