Combined transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroencephalography (EEG) can
provide insights into how differing cognitive contexts produce different brain states, through TMS-based
measures of effective connectivity. For instance, in a recent study, the amplitude of the TMS-evoked
response (TMS-ER) derived during the delay-period of a spatial short-term memory (STM) task had a
larger amplitude, and greater spread to distal cortical areas, than the TMS-ER from a fixation condition
(Johnson et al. J Neurophysiol, 2012). This indicated that the brain’s electrical response to TMS is influenced
by the cognitive context (STM or fixation) at the time of stimulation. This study also showed
significant individual differences in the shape of the TMS-ER. Further, delay-period spectrograms
revealed patterns of activity, the sustained pattern of delay-period activity (SPDPA), which were different
across individuals
Combined transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroencephalography (EEG) can
provide insights into how differing cognitive contexts produce different brain states, through TMS-based
measures of effective connectivity. For instance, in a recent study, the amplitude of the TMS-evoked
response (TMS-ER) derived during the delay-period of a spatial short-term memory (STM) task had a
larger amplitude, and greater spread to distal cortical areas, than the TMS-ER from a fixation condition
(Johnson et al. J Neurophysiol, 2012). This indicated that the brain’s electrical response to TMS is influenced
by the cognitive context (STM or fixation) at the time of stimulation. This study also showed
significant individual differences in the shape of the TMS-ER. Further, delay-period spectrograms
revealed patterns of activity, the sustained pattern of delay-period activity (SPDPA), which were different
across individuals
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