Fig. 1(a)e(f) show the optimal HSR route for each factor. Routes
1 and 5 produced unique trajectory, while the remaining paths
resulting from Factors 2 to 4 look relatively similar in their shapes.
Route 1 minimized passing through major population centers.
Other than areas immediately surrounding the starting and ending
points, most highly populated areas remain intact. Route 2 avoids
major population centers to reduce noise effect and minimizes
crossing highways. Routes 3 and 4 are similarly shaped because the
major water and ground resources, their variables intend to avoid,
are concentrated largely on the east side of the study area. Route 5