Ittner, Larcker and Meyer [2003] studied the level of subjectivity in a managerial bonus scheme, which was based on a balanced scorecard. The scheme was found to be unsuccessful, not because of its design, but due to the inappropriate use of the system by senior managers. This study provides an interesting perspective on the use of a particular element of the control system (the managerial bonus scheme) and its role in implementing a particular strategy (as reflected in the selection of balanced scorecard measures). While the MCS seemed to support the strategy formulated by the organization, it was not used in the way that was intended, suggesting that the way in which control systems are used can lead to a failure in strategy.