As pointed out in many studies, low productivity and low wages in the urban informal sector in Bangkok push down the real wage
in this primate city. The rural-urban migration in Thailand is crucial for many farmers to seek
jobs in the slack season and this earning becomes more significant over time (Oshima, 1993;
Siriprachai, 1985b). The migration of the agricultural labour force has not ceased, because
although the price of agricultural products has been declining since the 1980s, the Thai
governments have been unable to insulate their domestic markets from international price
fluctuations