This is most common in children with minimal change disease
resulting in a decrease glomerular filtration rate. Clinical signs included
tachycardia, signs of peripheral vasoconstriction (cold, clammy
peripheries with reduce volume pulses), and oliguria. Laboratory
findings include raised plasma renin, aldosterone, and norepinephrine
levels [45]. Typically hypovolemia occurs during the first presentation or
a severe relapse. Overzealous use of diuretic, sepsis and gastroenteritis
can lead to hypotension and, if severe, shock.