As for the students in high school in China, it is quite common to use the intuition and
misconceptions in statistical reasoning. They have difficulties in understanding “A small
sample is more likely to deviate from the population” and “Independence;” they tend to
make mistakes about “Equiprobability bias,” “Good samples have to represent a high
percentage of the population,” “Groups can only be compared if they have the same size”
and “Law of small numbers.” Compared with the Dutch students, the third grade students
in China got lower scores in the 8 correct reasoning scales, but their misconceptions’
scales demonstrated a different result: in some scales, Chinese students got higher scores,
while in others, they got lower ones.