The exercise-induced mitochondrial damages were also observed in the EAMD rats with post-exercise rest, except a slight increase in number of mitochondria compared to group E (Fig. 4C). A significant recovery of exercise-induced mitochondria impairment was found in rats treated with oligosaccharide and glucose,respectively (Fig. 4DeF). Rats treated with carbohydrate supplements showed great reduction of swollen endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex, and increase in abundant organelles.No significant difference was observed between groups O and G.