Because of the strong media, active civil society organizations, and the rising expectations of a growing middle class, the prospects for engaging these actors in strategies to disclose information and hold providers accountable for their actions has great potential in India. Rather than overly relying on its traditional role as an inspectorate, governments in India may be more effective by focusing on ways to facilitate the participation of these groups, including by making information and performance standards available for both public and private providers. Demonstrating a more serious commitment to health insurance would also provide better opportunities to align the country’s health care financing with its stated goals of equity and poverty reduction, as well as to better influence providers’ behavior.